Fractures in underground rock engineering significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of rock masses. To systematically investigate the influence of fracture geometry and confining pressure on the dynamic mechanical behavior and failure modes of rocks, dynamic impact tests under coupled static-dynamic loading were conducted using a Φ 50mm Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB) system, integrated with laboratory experiments and finite elementn umerical simulations. First, uniaxial impact tests were performed to analyze the stress-strain behavior and energy transformation characteristics of rock scontaining prefabricated fractures. A fracture model was established, and the validity of the rock constitutive parameters was verified by comparing the macroscopic failure patterns from both experiments and simulations.Subsequently, numerical simulations were used to explore the dynamic failure characteristics of specimens with varying fracture angles and confinin gpressures. The results show that the dynamic compressive strength and peakstrain exhibit a U-shaped trend with increasing fracture angle, with wing tensile cracks identified as the dominant failure mode. Under coupled loading,confining pressure promotes shear-dominated failure, and overall specimen damage tends to decrease with increasing confinement, except at fracture angles of 45° and 60°. These findings provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of dynamic disasters in deep fractured rock masses