Titanium alloys have been extensively employed in aerospace and other fields due to their excellent specific strength, corrosion resistance, and superior high-temperature performance. However, milling is faced with large cutting forces, easy tool wear, and unstable machining quality, because of low thermal conductivity, high chemical reactivity, and work hardening. Proper selection and optimization of cutting parameters are regarded as crucial for improving machining quality and efficiency. In this study, the current application status of cutting parameters in titanium alloy milling is introduced. The influences of major cutting parameters on cutting force, temperature, and tool wear are analyzed. Commonly used parameter optimization methods and experimental designs are summarized. Parameter adjustments under thin-walled machining, high-speed milling, ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling, and laser-assisted milling are further analyzed. Reference and guidance are provided for the selection and optimization of cutting parameters in titanium alloy milling.