To enhance the economic efficiency and environmental sustainability of microgrid systems, we propose an optimal scheduling strategy that incorporates electric vehicles and ice storage air conditioning systems. First, mathematical models are developed for wind turbines, photovoltaic generators, diesel generators, energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and ice storage air conditioning within the microgrid. The scheduling model is formulated with the objective of minimizing both operational and environmental costs, subject to constraints such as power balance and generation capacity limits. The model is solved using the Gurobi optimizer. The simulation result demonstrates that, compared with other scenarios, the proposed strategy increases the renewable energy utilization rate by 2.59%, reduces environmental costs by 40.27%, and lowers operational costs by 41.49%. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the integration of renewable resources while enhancing the economic and environmental performance of the microgrid.