The effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas wells depends largely on the morphology of the fractures. In oredr to investigate the fracture propagation mechanism controlled by structural defects such as stratigraphic structures and weak bedding planes in anisotropic shale reservoirs. This study uses ABAQUS finite element software to investigate the use of cohesive elements.The mathematical model of shale was established by considering the anisotropy of the weak surface of the bedding, and systematically analyzed the impact of different bedding inclinations (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) on hydraulic fracturing propagation. This study conducts a comparative analysis of key parameters such as the propagation pattern of hydraulic fractures, the final fracture width and the fracture length, and study the influence of different construction parameters (flow rate, viscosity of fracturing fluid) on fracture propagation. The results show that: When the layering inclination Angle is 45°, the ability of the fracturing fluid to enter the layering reaches the highest, forming shear sliding-dominated hydraulic fractures. The final seam width reached 5.73 mm and the seam length reached 78.6 meters. Increasing the displacement to 13 m3/min or the viscosity of the fracturing fluid to 40 mPa·s can significantly increase the width and length of the hydraulic fractures. At the same time, when the bedding inclination Angle is 45°, the optimal reservoir communication effect and drainage performance can be achieved. By further regulating construction parameters such as displacement and viscosity of fracturing fluid, the expansion effect of hydraulic fractures is optimized, And the research results were successfully applied to the on-site practical verification of Well X in Weiyuan Block. Effectively enhance the fracture propagation capacity and the connectivity of the diversion channel, and improve the efficiency of reservoir modification in this well.