电动公交区域跨线与联运组合调度优化
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U121

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黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2022E003);中国博士后科学基金 (2023M740558);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572023CT21-04)。


Optimization of Regional Cross-line and Interlining Combined Scheduling for Electric Buses
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    摘要:

    传统的车线绑定的运营方式难以应对客流需求与运力不匹配所带来的运营效率问题,同时也制约了公交系统的服务灵活性。为解决这些问题,引入跨线与联运两大调度策略,通过跨线调度实现对现有公交资源的整合,以优化公交系统的运营效率,联运调度则能够提供更灵活的出行服务,提高系统整体的服务能力。基于跨线与联运的组合调度优化方法,以公交运营成本最小化和发车间隔平滑性最大化为优化目标,考虑时刻表、车次链等相关约束条件,建立电动公交区域调度优化模型,并设计结合多目标粒子群算法(multi-objective particle swarm optimization , MOPSO)与遗传算法(genetic algorithm , GA)的混合算法(MOPSO-GA)对模型进行求解。最后选取北京市的三条公交线路为实例分析对象,检验本文建立模型和求解算法的可行性。优化结果显示,相比车线绑定运营的单线路调度模式,公交运营成本降低了11.18%,发车间隔平滑性提高了10.07%,原线路发车间隔平滑性提高了12.33%,车队规模减少了17.85%。

    Abstract:

    Traditional line-bound bus operations are challenged by the mismatch between passenger demand and transport capacity. They also limit the flexibility of public transport services. To address these issues, cross-line scheduling and interlining scheduling are introduced. Cross-line scheduling is used to integrate existing bus resources to improve operational efficiency. interlining scheduling is applied to provide flexible travel services and enhance the overall service capability of the system. A regional scheduling optimization model for electric buses is established based on the combined cross-line and interlining scheduling approach. The model aims to minimize bus operation costs and maximize the smoothness of departure intervals. Timetable constraints and trip chaining relationships are considered. A hybrid algorithm, called MOPSO-GA, was developed by combining Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to solve the model. Three bus routes in Beijing were selected as case studies to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. The results show that the bus operation cost is reduced by 11.18%. The smoothness of departure intervals is improved by 10.07%. The original line departure interval smoothness increases by 12.33%. The required fleet size is reduced by 17.85%.

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引用本文

胡宝雨,邢帅帅,程国柱. 电动公交区域跨线与联运组合调度优化[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2026, 26(13): 5687-5699.
Hu Baoyu, Xing Shuaishuai, Cheng Guozhu. Optimization of Regional Cross-line and Interlining Combined Scheduling for Electric Buses[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2026,26(13):5687-5699.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-16
  • 最后修改日期:2026-04-21
  • 录用日期:2025-12-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-05-18
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