As a renewable clean energy, biomass energy is necessary to be used efficiently. However, approximately 70% of the nitrogen in biomass fuels is converted into nitrogen oxides (NOx) during combustion and subsequently emitted into the atmosphere, posing significant environmental pollution risks. Thus, the application of biomass boiler reburning technology has emerged as a key approach for achieving low nitrogen clean combustion. This study summarizes the research on biomass boiler and reburning technology, and focuses on the effects of reburning fuel characteristics (hydrocarbon fuels, fine pulverized fuelsand high-volatile fuels) and reburning zone conditions (the length of the reburning zone, temperature, excess air coefficient, multi-parameter synergy) on NOx emissions. Results indicate that the physicochemical properties of reburning fuels, operating parameters of the reburning zone, and multi-parameter coupling effects all significantly affect the denitrification efficiency. Notably, advancements in reburning technology can further increase the denitrification efficiency by approximately 5 - 10%. Finally, this study prospects the future development of reburning technology, and improves the intelligent level of reburning technology through deep integration with artificial intelligence. This integration is expected to inject new kinetic energy into the iterative upgrading of the reburning technology, thereby reducing NOx emissions more effectively.