China􀆳s deep coalbed methane resources have enormous potential. As a clean and high-quality energy, it is of great significance to ensure China􀆳s energy security and green and low-carbon development. The development of middle-shallow coalbed methane in China has basically been industrialized, but the development scale is far from the national planning goal. With the new progress made in the exploration and development of deep coalbed methane in recent years, it has provided new impetus for the rapid development of the coalbed methane industry. But when it comes to deep exploration and development, it faces a series of new geological, engineering, and other challenges that need to be tackled. In view of this, based on the latest national oil and gas resource evaluation data, the current situation of coalbed methane exploration and development in China was summarized, and the latest progress in deep coalbed methane exploration and development in typical blocks in China was evaluated. The new breakthroughs in geological evaluation, drilling, fracturing, and extraction of deep coalbed methane in recent years were summarized, and it is pointed out that there are problems in the current exploration and development of deep coalbed methane in China, such as low resource evaluation level, low adaptability of key technologies, and few mature demonstration projects that can be promoted and referenced. On this basis, four countermeasures and suggestions for the development of deep coalbed methane industry were proposed: strengthening resource exploration, strengthening key technical research, speeding up the construction of high-efficiency development demonstration zones, strengthening the co-exploration and co-exploitation of deep coal measures gas, so as to provide reference for promoting the exploration and development of deep coalbed methane in China.