In view of the problem that the mining roadway of island working face is difficult to control under the action of strong mine pressure, this paper takes island working face 15102 as the engineering background, studies the lateral structure of the roof of the island working face, the influence of the lateral structure of the roof on the roadway. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology is proposed to protect the roadway. The results show that the lateral structure of the roof of the island working face can be divided into the deformation moving area and the elastic deformation area. The moving deformation area is the root cause of the stress increase. The blasting roof cutting of the lateral roof strata moving deformation area can reduce the impact of roof instability on the mining roadway. By using FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the effect of various roof cutting schemes is analyzed, the specific roof cutting parameters are given, the scheme of roof cutting to protect the stability of roadway is clarified, and the field test is carried out. After roof cutting, the deformation of surrounding rock of roadway is significantly reduced, and the effect of roof cutting is good, which provides a reference for the stability control of mining roadway in similar island working face.