露天煤矿边坡雷达变形监测预警与风险管控
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中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所

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TD76; TD854; U213.1+3

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中国地质调查局项目(DD20243086)


Radar Deformation Monitoring, Earning Warning and Risk Control of Slope in Open-pit Coal Mine
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Institute of Prospecting Technology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

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    摘要:

    露天煤矿边坡作为重大风险源,是矿山安全生产面临的主要挑战之一。以内蒙古自治区乌海市万源露天煤矿为例,在详实调查边坡发育特征的基础上,分析变形破坏模式,开展边坡雷达变形监测,建立预警模型,搭建监测预警平台,实现风险管控。研究结果显示,万源露天煤矿边坡涉及反向、横向、顺向岩质采场边坡和排土场土质边坡,其变形破坏模式分别为拉裂-倾倒、楔形体破坏、滑移-弯曲和蠕滑(-拉裂)。在采动、爆破、降雨或不合理堆砌等因素影响下,存在失稳的可能性;在此基础上,为实现边坡无盲区监测,在矿山采场东北和西南侧稳定基岩处各安装边坡雷达一套,将边坡安全等级划分为蓝(<3mm/h)、黄(3~8mm/h)、橙(8~15mm/h)、红(>15mm/h)四个等级;结合矿山企业组织架构,构建了从边坡雷达变形监测数据-预警模型-预警平台-风险管控的边坡安全管理体系,可为区域煤矿安全生产能力建设提供技术示范。

    Abstract:

    As a major risk source, slope in open-pit coal mine is one of the main challenges faced by mine safety production. Taking Wanyuan open-pit Coal Mine in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example, based on detailed investigation of slope development characteristics, deformation and failure modes were analyzed, slope radar deformation monitoring was carried out, and early warning models were established, a monitoring and early warning platform was built to achieve risk control. The results show that the slope of Wanyuan open-pit coal mine involves reverse, cross and consequent rock slope and soil slope of dump, and its deformation and failure modes are respectively tensile fracturing, wedge failure, slip-bending and creep (-tensile cracking). There is a possibility of instability under the influence of mining, blasting, rainfall or unreasonable stacking. On this basis, in order to realize the monitoring of slope without blind area, two sets of slope radar were respectively installed at the stable bedrock on the northeast and southwest sides of the mine, and the slope safety grade was divided into four grades: blue (<3mm/h), yellow (3~8mm/h), orange (8~15mm/h) and red (>15mm/h). Combined with the organizational structure of mining enterprises, the slope safety management system from slope radar deformation monitoring data - early warning model - early warning platform - risk management and control are constructed, which can provide technical reference for the construction of regional coal mine safety production capacity.

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李洪梁,苗朝,田尤. 露天煤矿边坡雷达变形监测预警与风险管控[J]. 科学技术与工程, , ():

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-11
  • 最后修改日期:2024-06-19
  • 录用日期:2024-07-09
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