跟网型与构网型变流器混合并网的暂态特性分析及故障穿越控制
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TM712

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新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅重大科技专项项目(2022A01004-1),


Analysis of transient characteristics and fault ride-through control of hybrid grid-tied converters with grid-following and grid-forming
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    摘要:

    当跟网型(grid-following, GFL)和构网型(grid-forming, GFM)变流器混合并网时,它们通过电网阻抗相互耦合。在电网发生故障时,由于耦合项的存在,两个变流器的暂态特性将变得更加复杂。一旦其中一方出现稳定性问题,将对另一方产生影响,使得故障穿越变得困难。本文首先建立了两变流器混合并网系统的数学模型,分析了平衡点的存在条件,并使用相平面法揭示了故障时的相互影响机理。然后,针对GFM,本文提出了一种根据电压跌落程度减小功角的方法,根据功角大小和GFL注入电流设置输出电压;针对GFL,本文提出了一种基于构网型的锁相环。以此实现混合故障穿越控制。所提出的方法可以保证GFM在故障期间输出无功电流对电网提供支撑,同时保证GFL根据电网导则注入电流,有效防止两个变流器的过电流和功角失稳。最后,通过仿真验证了该控制策略的正确性和有效性。

    Abstract:

    When grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) converters are interconnected with the grid, they are mutually coupled through the grid impedance. During grid faults, the transient behavior of these converters becomes intricate due to the presence of coupling terms. Instabilities in one converter can propagate to the other, posing challenges to fault ride-through capability. This paper presents a mathematical model for a hybrid grid-tied system comprising two converters, investigates the conditions for equilibrium points, and employs phase-plane analysis to elucidate the mutual influence mechanism during faults. Additionally, for GFM converters, a method is proposed to mitigate power angle deviations based on voltage drop magnitude, and to adjust the output voltage in response to the power angle and injected current from GFL converters. For GFL converters, a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) based on GFM is introduced to facilitate hybrid fault ride-through control. The proposed approach ensures that GFM converters contribute reactive current support to the grid during faults, while GFL converters adhere to grid guidelines for current injection, thereby preventing overcurrent and phase angle instability in both converters. Simulation results validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

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朱冰,张龙,司文佳,等. 跟网型与构网型变流器混合并网的暂态特性分析及故障穿越控制[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2024, 24(28): 12177-12187.
Zhu Bing, Zhang Long, Si Wenjia, et al. Analysis of transient characteristics and fault ride-through control of hybrid grid-tied converters with grid-following and grid-forming[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2024,24(28):12177-12187.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-13
  • 最后修改日期:2024-08-01
  • 录用日期:2024-04-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-05
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