As airport flight traffic continues to rise, on-time performance has been identified as a focal point of widespread attention. The efficient scheduling of airport ground support vehicles has a crucial in this regard. Due to the unique and complex environment of airports and the dynamically changing flight demands, unprecedented challenges are faced in ground vehicle scheduling: the uncertainty of dynamic flight information necessitates that the scheduling system possesses a high degree of flexibility and real-time responsiveness. Additionally, given the diversity of ground support tasks and vehicle types, the achievement of precise coordination and efficient allocation of these vehicles has become a pressing issue. A comprehensive review of recent literature on vehicle scheduling was provided, with a focus on both public transportation and airport ground vehicle scheduling. The construction of scheduling models and optimization algorithms was explored, while key challenges were analyzed and future development trends in this field were discussed. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data technologies, the scheduling of airport ground support special vehicles in the future will increasingly trend towards intelligence and automation.