With the continuous integration of urban Bridges into a variety of traffic forms, various traffic vehicles and pedestrians interfere with each other, affecting the safety and comfort of pedestrians. To research the pedestrian response on single-level rail-cum-road bridges, a pedestrian-road vehicle-train-bridge coupling vibration model is established. The acceleration difference between the bridge panel and pedestrian SMD model is researched, and the influence of trains and road vehicle passing the bridge in different ways on pedestrians is calculated. The results show that, compared with bridge panel, the amplitude of acceleration fluctuation of pedestrian SMD model is smaller, but the walking pedestrian model may experience abrupt and significant acceleration peaks. Each moving subsystem in the coupling model has a speed-sensitive interval, in which the pedestrian acceleration increases significantly. The further vehicles are away from the bridge center, the greater the acceleration of pedestrians become. When train and road vehicle pass the bridge simultaneously, the peak acceleration of pedestrian caused by them will be superimposed, and the peak acceleration caused by road vehicles increases significantly due to the train.