Abstract:Traditional villages are dynamic carriers of China"s excellent traditional culture, serving as "museums" and "living fossils" of folk culture. This study focuses on 343 traditional villages in Jiangxi Province, using methods such as kernel density analysis, nearest neighbor index, coefficient of variation, spatial autocorrelation, and standard deviation ellipse to study the spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of traditional villages in Jiangxi Province. The results show that: (1) the historical distribution range of traditional villages in Jiangxi Province shows a migration trend from northeast to southwest and a development trend of first contracting and then expanding in the east-west direction, showing a distribution characteristic of first gathering and then spreading; (2) Traditional villages in Jiangxi Province exhibit a spatial layout pattern of "dense in the north, dense in the middle, and sparse in the south" in terms of distribution density, forming a "three core" distribution pattern as a whole; (3) In terms of influencing factors, most traditional villages in Jiangxi Province are located in areas with low altitude, small slopes, close to water sources, and relatively slow economic development. The research can provide decision-making basis for building a concentrated and contiguous demonstration area of traditional villages in Jiangxi Province, formulating protection and development plans for traditional villages, and also provide theoretical and methodological references for related traditional village research.