In order to solve the problem of large deformation of roadway under strong mining conditions, taking 1806N working face auxiliary transport channel of No.1 Mine of New Shanghai as engineering background, the causes of deformation and destruction of strong mining roadway and the mechanism of large deformation of surrounding rock were analyzed by field exploration, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods, and corresponding control strategies were put forward for engineering application. The main reasons for deformation and failure of surrounding rocks were low rock strength, heavy water-rich roof and strong mining stress. Based on the control mechanism of large deformation roof cutting of surrounding rocks, the design scheme of deep directional roof cutting combined with tunnel reinforcement was formed. By means of numerical simulation, the stress variation law of the roadway with broken roof and the roadway without broken roof was compared and analyzed. The maximum vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof was 14.6MPa, the maximum vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof was 12.5MPa, and the vertical stress at the end of the roadway with broken roof was reduced by 14%. It is considered that broken roof has certain effect of cutting stress transmission and reducing tunnel shrinkage. Through field industrial tests, the displacement of the top and bottom slab at the end of the broken roof is reduced by 41.5%, the deformation of the two sides is reduced by 12.5%, and the development length of the bottom heave is reduced by 92%. The results show that the broken roof can effectively reduce the deformation of the end tunnel and the development length and height of the advanced bottom heave, which can provide reference for tunnel construction under similar engineering geological conditions.