The existing research results on mining damage identification are mainly focused on plain areas, and there is a lack of research on damage to surface buildings (structures) in mountainous areas under high-intensity mining conditions. This paper took the abnormal damage of buildings in Yetou Village, Shanxi Province as an example. Firstly, based on the small baselines subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique, 20 Sentinel-1A radar images were used to invert the spatial distribution pattern and temporal evolution of surface deformation in the target area from November 14th, 2016 to July 12th, 2017. Then, combined with the house damage characteristics and surface crack data from the on-site survey, the research work on mining damage identification was carried out from the perspectives of mining subsidence theory and slope stability analysis. The research results indicate that: ① SBAS technology can effectively identify and extract abnormal surface deformation caused by mining, and can provide data support for the study of abnormal damage laws and the disclosure of causes; ② The reduction of slope stability caused by mining, leading to creep and sliding of the slope, is the cause of abnormal damage to surface buildings. The relevant conclusions have reference significance for the development and improvement of subsidence control theory and for conducting damage assessment work on houses in mountainous mining areas.