This study investigates the effect of palm fibers on the mechanical properties of quartz sand under uniaxial tensile loading. Three axial tensile tests were conducted on saturated quartz sand reinforced with different fiber lengths and contents under drained conditions. The stress-strain curves were analyzed, and the initial elastic modulus and secant modulus were compared. The variation of the shear strength with fiber content was analyzed using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The volume strain and porosity of the sand and reinforced sand during the shear process were compared and analyzed. The results show that: (1) fiber reinforcement can enhance the stress-strain strength of quartz sand during tensile failure. The optimal fiber content and length for improving peak stress and residual stress are 0.9% and 12 mm, respectively. (2) The initial elastic modulus and peak secant modulus of the samples increase with increasing effective confining pressure, and the overall stiffness of the sample during the tensile test is positively correlated with the effective confining pressure. The strengthening effect of fibers on the shear strength of quartz sand only appears in the low confining pressure state. (3) The porosity of the reinforced sand during stretching failure is smaller than that of the plain sand, and the addition of fibers reduces the critical porosity of quartz sand and weakens its dilatancy. The experimental results provide a basis for exploring the interface strengthening mechanism of fiber-reinforced sand.