Tea (Camellia sinensis) long-term lodging continuous crop makes the tea garden soil acidification serious, nutrient imbalance, leading to a decline in tea yield and quality, restricting the sustainable development of China's tea industry. In the primary tea-producing regions of Guizhou Province, the soil profiles and surrounding forest lands of 21 tea gardens in 17 townships were examined, sampled, and studied for their acidity and nutrient properties. The analysis revealed that the three soil layers in a tea garden had average pH values of 4.28, 4.44, and 4.63 respectively. The soil acidification was evident, with characteristics ranging from highly acidic to strong acidity. The greatest extent of acidification was seen in the 0–20 cm soil layer, where 71.4% of samples had pH levels below 4.5, which was 23.8% higher than those of the nearby nutrients in the soil of tea gardens. In tea gardens, soil nutrients gradually deplete as one descends. Compared with the forest land, the organic matter of the surface tea garden soil decreased, while the total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen increased significantly. Other soil nutrients, in addition to the available iron, are easily lost in the topsoil when the pH value is below 4.5. While the amount of cation exchange and the amount of exchanged calcium and magnesium were declining, the content of exchange acid, aluminum, and hydrogen in tea garden soil increased when compared to forest land. The content was highest in the 0–20 cm soil layer, at 10.25, 9.44, and 0.81 cmol·kg-1, respectively. The results of a correlation analysis revealed a considerable or very significant inverse relationship between soil pH and available total nitrogen. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated a significant or very significant negative correlation between soil pH and total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available iron, exchange acid, and exchange aluminum, along with a very significant positive correlation with salt saturation and exchange calcium and magnesium ion content. When the pH value was lower than 5.2, particularly if it had dropped lower than 4.5, the exchange acid had the primary influence on the soil pH value, but the pH value was mainly affected by the salt base saturation, especially when it rose beyond 5.2, and was major influenced by the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions.