Pits of various forms may generate in the panel of honeycomb sandwich panel, and it is significant to study the eigenvalue buckling performance of the honeycomb sandwich panel with typical pit defects when evaluating the safety and reusability of the structure. Three kinds of parametric finite element model for honeycomb sandwich panel with pit defects were built, namely circular pit, quadrate pit, and equilateral pit. Influence of key parameters on the eigenvalue buckling performance of the honeycomb sandwich panel was analyzed under both constant temperature and variable temperature environment. The result shows that accompanied with the increasing of diameter or length of the pit defect, the critical buckling load increases under both the two temperatures environment. By using contrastive analysis method, the influence of the three kinds of pit defects on the structure was obtained when the pit defects have the same area or the same perimeter. When the pit defects have the same area, the structure with circular pit has the largest critical buckling load and when the pit defects have the same perimeter, the structure with equilateral pit has largest critical buckling load, and both the differences among them are negligible.