Currently, building tilting accidents are frequently observed, but the deformation mechanics of large-scale foundation buildings throughout the entire tilting process have received relatively little attention. Therefore, the settlement deformation characteristics and stress characteristics of lime-soil pile composite foundations during the tilting process of embankment filling are investigated in this study. The corresponding variations in the characteristics of large-scale foundation buildings with lime-soil pile composite foundations during tilting are explored based on numerical simulations. The settlement deformation and deformation-induced stress characteristics of the composite foundation during tilting are analyzed, and the optimized foundation treatment scheme for the embankment filling area is studied. The research results indicate that during the building tilting process, the maximum shear deformation occurs at the edge of the foundation, and this shear deformation value is positively correlated with the tilt angle. In the tilting process of large-scale foundation buildings, the concrete on the top of the foundation is cracked first, and its bending point keeps changing. The foundation slab has not yet cracked, but a bulge is observed in the southern half. There is a risk of cracking near the 0.2L position of the tilted building, while the bending point remains relatively stable during the tilting process. Compared with the original scheme, the CFG pile foundation treatment scheme reduces the maximum shear strain by 67.08%, and the settlement and tilt values are reduced by 67.52% and 73.83% respectively, meeting the specification requirements that the tilt angle of such buildings should not exceed 3‰. These research findings provide a reference for the correction and reinforcement of similar composite foundation large-scale foundation buildings.