The determination of rock pressure is a prerequisite for design of tunnel support structure, while rock displacement is a direct characterization of effectiveness of support structure. Based on the statistical monitoring data of 248 cross-sections in 59 mountain tunnels, a comprehensive analysis of the rock pressure and deformation evolution characteristics, as well as their dynamic relationships of soft rock tunnels was conducted. The results showed that horizontal rock pressure is mainly concentrated in low to middle value interval; vertical rock pressure is mostly concentrated in low value interval with an obvious distribution dispersion; there is no significant difference in distribution of rock pressure in both directions for the middle and low value interval of stability time. The horizontal and vertical rock deformation are concentrated in the low to medium value intervals; about 80% of the rock pressure and deformation data are less than 400 kPa and 400 mm. The time-dependent characteristics of normalized rock pressure and deformation demonstrated that the rock pressure and deformation in deep and shallow tunnels are characterized by four stages of the “initial change - rapid change - slow change - stable change. The vertical rock pressure growth rate is greater than the horizontal pressure, and primary support of the vault is faster while the side wall is slower. Normalized deep and shallow vertical rock pressure developed in typical three stages with the normalized deformation, but there are differences in evolutionary trends. The time-coordinated normalization analysis of the rock pressure and deformation reveals the dynamic evolution and stage characteristics of the rock pressure and deformation, which can provide reference for the design of the support structures of soft rock tunnels.