In order to deeply understand the freeze-heave and thawing characteristics of cement improved silty clay, taking the silty clay in the typical soil layer of Fuzhou Metro Line 4 as an example, the influences of four factors including cement slurry content, curing age, freezing temperature and water-cement ratio on cement improved silty clay were analyzed. The freeze-heave and thawing law of the improved soil under the action of single factor was obtained, and the optimal cement content of the improved soil was determined to be 20%. The optimum water-cement ratio is 0.8, and the development law of temperature field in the process of frost heave and melt sedimentation test is obtained through temperature monitoring. Multiple linear regression equations were established by SPSS Statistics to predict the frost heave rate of cement improved silty clay under the comprehensive action of multiple factors. Through analysis, it was found that the degree of influence on the frost heave rate was as follows: cement infiltration amount > curing age > cold end temperature > water-cement ratio.