In order to study the mechanical properties of asphalt pavement with different interlayer contact states, a three-dimensional finite element model of pavement was established to analyze the influence of different interlayer contact states on the mechanical properties under the temperature field. And a fatigue performance prediction model was established considering the interlayer contact states. The results show that when the depth of pavement is above 0.68m, the relationship between pavement temperature and depth is a cubic polynomial, and when the depth of pavement is above 0.1m, the relationship between pavement temperature and ambient temperature is a quadratic polynomial. The maximum tensile stress, maximum shear stress, and maximum vertical displacement of asphalt pavement can be increased by 90.0%, 70.0%, and 63.2% by vehicles with low speed and heavy load respectively. Compared with the complete continuous state, the fatigue life of asphalt pavement is reduced by 75.6% with the deterioration of the interlayer contact state. To prolong the service life of pavement, continuous pavement compaction should be carried out during construction, and the bonding quality between layers should be strictly controlled.