In order to clarify the stability of the long-span half-through steel box tied arch bridge during the construction phase, the Xishuangbanna Lancang River Liming Bridge was taken as the research object, and a full-bridge space finite element model was established to analyze the stability of the bridge during the whole construction phase, and the initial defects were considered. The influence of geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity, wind bracing, temporary wind bracing, non-directional force of suspender and wind-resistant cable on the stability of the structure during construction. The results show that the stability coefficient of the structure during the whole construction process meets the requirements of the corresponding specifications. Considering the geometric nonlinear analysis of initial defects, the stability coefficient of the structure is reduced by 7% to 8%; when the double nonlinearity of geometry and material is considered, the stability coefficient of the structure is reduced 49.67%~52.05%, so the material nonlinearity has a significant influence on the structural stability. Increasing the number of permanent wind braces can effectively improve the stability of the most unfavorable construction stage of cable hoisting and the construction stage after the arch ribs are closed. The placement of temporary wind bracing can significantly improve the stability of the most unfavorable construction stage of structural cable hoisting, and the non-directional force effect is centered. The stability of the through-type steel box tied arch bridge has a greater impact, and the installation of wind-resistant cables significantly improves the stability of the construction stage after the arch ribs are closed. It can be seen that there are many factors affecting the stability of the construction stage, and this study can provide a reference for the construction and design of the same type of bridge.