The natural gas resources in the South Turgay Basin have great potential, but the accumulation rules are complex and the exploration risk is high. On the basis of summarizing the regional geological background of the basin, the rules of natural gas accumulation was discussed from the scales of the whole basin and the favorable gas accumulation zone, and the favorable exploration areas were evaluated. The study shows that for the entire South Turgay Basin, the macro-tectonic evolution controls the overall distribution pattern of natural gas in the basin. The distribution, type and maturity of effective source rocks control the macroscopic distribution of natural gas. The development of caprocks is the basis for the large-scale accumulation and long-term preservation of natural gas. The type of structural belt controls the distribution of favorable gas-bearing zones in the basin and the type of gas reservoir. In the favorable gas accumulation zone, natural gas is concentrated in the form of gas reservoir groups near the hydrocarbon generation center. The fault system that communicates with the hydrocarbon generation center controls the migration direction and accumulation location of natural gas. "Lithologic pinch" or "fault shielding" is an important supplement to natural gas accumulation and preservation. The reasonable combination of gas source conditions, migration conditions, storage conditions and preservation conditions is the key to determining favorable gas traps. The fault-type structural belt of the Akshabulak Southern Sub-sag and the gentle-slope structural belt of the western slope of the Aryskum Sag are favorable exploration areas for natural gas in the basin in the future.