The rheology phenomenon of surrounding rock of underground cavern is significant, which poses a great threat to the excavation and operation of cavern. Taking a deep mine roadway shale as an example, according to the actual excavation situation of underground chamber, the equal ratio unloading stress path of axial pressure and confining pressure is designed. At the same time, creep tests under constant axial pressure unloading confining pressure and equal ratio unloading stress path are carried out to study the creep mechanical characteristics of shale under different unloading paths. The experimental results show that: (1) the creep characteristics of shale under two unloading paths are very obvious, and the axial strain is always higher than the lateral strain; (2) the axial strain growth of rock under failure stress level is less than the lateral strain, and the lateral dilatation of rock is more obvious; (3) the long-term strength of rock under constant axial pressure and constant unloading confining pressure are 47.69mpa and 62.85mpa respectively, Under the condition of equal unloading stress, the rock is more prone to yield failure. The research results provide a reference for the long-term stability research of underground cavern.