The human being activities' impacts on the riverine ecosystem, mainly including water resource's project, agriculture and urbanization is reviewed. The streams were segregated artificially by dams and their run-off mades were modified to the human being's mind, the stream corridor's ability to transport material, energy and species was seriously weakened. With the developing of modern agriculture, the transitional upland fringe and flood plains are occupied by modern agriculture, abused fertilizer and pesticides result in the non-point pollution, which are difficult to solve. In the process of urbanization, the increasing areas of the non-permeable cover changed the run-off mode of the urban stream and caused the degradation of their ecological value. All these activities changed or weakened the structure and function of the riverine ecosystem. In the aim of efficient ecological restoration of riverine ecosystem, the importance and necessity of establishment of the watershed ecology view are emphasized.