It is an important aspect in cause of petroleum formation that hydrocarbon from fatty acid or ester decarboxylation catalyzed by minerals at low temperature. The action of hydrocarbon from fatty acid or ester decarboxylation catalyzed by several minerals (especially salt carbonate) at low temperature mostly were introduced. The active energy of hydrocarbon from fatty acid or ester decarboxylation catalyzed by minerals at low temperature is illuminated by thermodynamics. The mechanism of hydrocarbon from fatty acid or ester decarboxylation catalyzed by minerals at low temperature is explained by kinetics.