Cherts is widely developed in the Precambrian to Permian strata in southern China, The geochemical characteristics and genesis of siliceous rocks in different ages are of great significance to the tectonic evolution in southern China. Based on the data of the former Cambrian and Permian siliceous rocks and the rare earth elements in southern China, combined with petrological and palaeontological data, the siliceous rocks in the Mesoproterozoic and Paleozoic Conducted a comparative analysis of geochemistry and its causes, The results show:(1) During the Sinian period, siliceous rocks in southern China were deposited. Oceanic basins, heat sources affected by the South China rift and other events；(2) During the Cambrian period, siliceous rocks in southern China were deposited in the oceanic basin and continental margin transition zone, and the heat source was affected by the crustal cracking；(3) During the Ordovician-Silurian period, siliceous rocks in southern China are deposited in the continental margin, and the heat source is related to the crustal action；(4) During the Devonian period, siliceous rocks in southern China were deposited in the basin environment, and the heat source was related to the volcanic activity caused by the Guangxi movement；(5) During the Carboniferous period, siliceous rocks in southern China are deposited in the basin environment, and the heat source is related to the crustal cracking；(6) During the Permian period, the siliceous rocks in southern China were deposited in the basin environment, and the heat source was related to the activity of the mantle plume in Mount Emei. During the Sinian-Permian period, the hydrothermal activity associated with tectonic movement in southern China provides a sufficient source of siliceous siliceous rocks, which is the main controlling factor for the formation of siliceous rocks in this area, and the siliceous rocks clearly record the paleoclimatic, paleoenvironment and palaeotectonic characteristics and evolution of the Sinian-Permian period in southern China.