Abstract:The development of low permeability oil reservoirs is extremely difficult, mainly in the natural productivity is very low, or no natural productivity, the measures of increasing production, simply can not put into production, more do not talk to go up to normal development. High efficient development of low permeability reservoir needs to establish effective displacement pressure system, which is to improve the low permeability oil and gas field development the key problems. Faced with this situation, this paper discusses the study of low permeability reservoir in academic on definition, classification and distribution in China, and introduced the low permeability reservoir geological characteristics, development characteristics and reservoir effective development water injection technology of water injection development; then according to a series of problems existing in the present low permeability stratified waterflooding development feasibility, right at present our country is the application of separate-layer water injection technology are introduced; finally taking Changqing Oilfield as an example of separate-layer water injection technology for analysis and evaluation of its application effect.