In order to study the distribution law of coupler forces at train changing point locations and reduce the number of railway car hook breaking accidents at changing point locations, a stable maneuvering scheme for changing point locations was developed. This article uses the multi-mass modeling theory to model a freight train on the Xikang line in longitudinal dynamics, simulates train traction, electric braking force, and slope resistance, and conducts research on the variation of coupler forces in four typical variable slope points. The comparison between simulation and experimental results shows that the model established in this paper can reproduce the train traction, electric braking force and slope resistance; on the slope of the uphill slope, increasing the traction handle level in advance before going uphill can prevent changes in positional energy The longitudinal impulses caused by the change; the section of the downhill slope change point, when the train part enters the downhill slope, the traction condition to the idle mode can be converted to avoid the longitudinal impulses caused by traction unloading; After the train enters the uphill slope, the conversion from the idle mode to the traction mode can minimize the rate of change of the coupler force. For the pot-type slope change point section, after the train has entered the uphill slope, the idle mode is reached. The change of traction conditions can minimize the change rate of the coupling force.